Discover the groundbreaking potential of mitochondria-targeted therapy with our premium SS-31 peptide. As a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide, SS-31 represents a paradigm shift in mitochondrial research, offering unprecedented opportunities to investigate cellular energetics, oxidative stress, and age-related mitochondrial dysfunction across multiple disease models.
Research Applications & Mechanisms:
SS-31 operates through a unique dual-interaction mechanism, utilizing both electrostatic and hydrophobic forces to selectively bind cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This specific targeting allows the peptide to stabilize mitochondrial cristae structure, optimize respiratory chain supercomplex organization, and restore ATP production efficiency. Research applications include:
Primary Mitochondrial Disease Studies: Investigation of inherited mitochondrial disorders affecting energy production and organ function
Cardiovascular Research: Exploring cardiac protection mechanisms, heart failure prevention, and ischemia-reperfusion injury
Neurological Research: Understanding mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and neurodegenerative conditions
Diabetic Complications: Investigating oxidative stress reduction and microvascular protection in diabetes research
Aging Studies: Research into age-related mitochondrial decline and cellular senescence mechanisms
Kidney Disease Research: Exploring renal protection and nephrotoxicity prevention pathways
Cancer Research: Understanding mitochondrial dysfunction in tumor metabolism and chemotherapy resistance
Advanced Research Benefits:
Our SS-31 peptide demonstrates exceptional research utility through its ability to penetrate cell and organelle membranes, selectively concentrating in mitochondria where it binds to cardiolipin with nanomolar affinity. Studies indicate that SS-31 inhibits cytochrome c peroxidase activity, preventing cardiolipin peroxidation that typically occurs during cellular stress and aging.
The peptide's unique mechanism preserves mitochondrial cristae architecture while enhancing electron transport chain efficiency. This results in increased ATP synthesis, reduced reactive oxygen species production, and improved cellular bioenergetics. Unlike broad-spectrum antioxidants, SS-31 specifically targets the source of mitochondrial oxidative stress without affecting normal mitochondrial function.
Research demonstrates that SS-31 can restore mitochondrial respiration in aged tissue, improve ADP sensitivity for ATP synthesis, and reduce inflammatory cytokine production. The peptide's effects on mitochondrial dynamics include modulation of fusion and fission processes, enhanced mitophagy of damaged mitochondria, and preservation of healthy mitochondrial populations.
Clinical Research Foundation:
SS-31 has undergone extensive clinical evaluation, including Phase I and Phase II trials for primary mitochondrial myopathy, demonstrating improved exercise performance and safety in human subjects. Phase I trials in age-related macular degeneration showed promising results for visual function improvement through mitochondrial enhancement.
Research applications extend to Barth syndrome studies, where SS-31 demonstrated ability to restore mitochondrial morphology and respiratory chain efficiency in tafazzin-deficient models. These clinical foundations provide robust validation for research applications.
Quality Specifications:
Purity: >98% by analytical HPLC-MS
Molecular Weight: 639.8 g/mol
Sequence: D-Arg-Tyr(2,6-diMe)-Lys-Phe-NH2
CAS Number: 736992-21-5
Alternative Names: Elamipretide, MTP-131, Bendavia
Appearance: White to off-white lyophilized powder
Storage: -20°C for optimal long-term stability
Solubility: Readily soluble in water and physiological buffers
Half-life: Tissue-specific accumulation with preferential mitochondrial localization
Research-Grade Excellence:
Each batch undergoes comprehensive analytical characterization including high-resolution mass spectrometry, amino acid composition analysis, and purity verification by multiple orthogonal methods. Quality control includes assessment of potential oxidation products, aggregation states, and biological activity validation.
The peptide demonstrates exceptional stability in both lyophilized and reconstituted forms, maintaining consistent mitochondrial targeting efficiency across multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Batch-to-batch reproducibility ensures reliable research outcomes.
Innovative Research Opportunities:
SS-31's multi-target mitochondrial effects make it invaluable for investigating:
Cardiolipin metabolism and membrane dynamics
Respiratory supercomplex assembly and function
Mitochondrial cristae morphology and stability
Cellular bioenergetics and ATP production pathways
Oxidative stress mechanisms and antioxidant responses
Mitochondrial quality control and mitophagy
Age-related cellular deterioration processes
Ischemia-reperfusion injury mechanisms
Mechanistic Research Advantages:
Unlike traditional antioxidants that work broadly throughout cells, SS-31 specifically targets the inner mitochondrial membrane where most cellular reactive oxygen species are generated. This precision allows researchers to isolate mitochondrial-specific effects from other cellular processes.
The peptide's ability to improve mitochondrial function without affecting healthy mitochondria makes it particularly valuable for aging research and disease models where mitochondrial dysfunction is secondary to other pathological processes.
Professional Research Applications:
Ideal for pharmaceutical research, academic mitochondrial studies, biotechnology applications, and translational research bridging preclinical models to clinical applications. Our SS-31 peptide supports cutting-edge investigations from basic mitochondrial biology to advanced therapeutic development.
Research models include cell culture studies, isolated mitochondria experiments, whole animal models, and ex vivo tissue analyses. The peptide's proven safety profile in clinical trials supports its use in diverse research applications.
Technical Specifications:
pH Range: 4-7 when reconstituted
Osmolality: Compatible with physiological conditions
Endotoxin Level: <0.1 EU/mg
Storage Buffer: Lyophilized from acetate buffer
Reconstitution: Sterile water or appropriate buffer systems
Important Research Notice:
This product is intended for research use only. Not for human consumption, therapeutic use, or diagnostic applications. Proper institutional oversight and safety protocols should be maintained when conducting mitochondrial research with this material.
Advance your mitochondrial research with confidence using our premium SS-31 peptide - where cellular precision meets research innovation.